The plant's oppositely placed, glossy, dark green, lanceolate leaves are extremely bitter.

Flowers are produced in terminal panicles , the petals are white and splotched with purple spots. These mature to small, upright, hairy capsules that dehisce explosively to release numerous small seeds.

Well known for centuries as “wonder drug” in folk medicine. Whole plant extremely bitter to the taste. Leaves can be eaten raw, harvested for medicinal purposes, contain maximum concentration of active constituents when harvested 2 months before plants start flowering.

A direct translation of the Malay name, ‘hempedu bumi’ is ‘bile of the earth’. It is traditionally used as a tonic throughout South East Asia, China and India.

Scientific testing shows that it can function as an antioxidant. It also has complex compounds that help protect the liver from a variety of toxins. Andrographis is believed to stimulate protein synthesis in the liver cells and can help the regeneration process.

This plant, traditionally regarded as a ‘penawar bisa’ or ‘antidote for poison’, has been used traditionally as a cure for poisoning and snake bite. It is also well known for its hypotensive properties.

Another main use of this herb is its amazing properties to relief fever. Clinical studies show that it is highly effective against bacterial and viral respiratory infections implying an immune stimulating action. Human trials have found Andrographis useful in pharyngotonsilitis, providing relief from fever and sore throats.

Common Names: Bitterweed, King of Bitters, Creat, Chiretta, Indian Echinachea, Hempedu bumi (Mal), Sambiloto (Indo), Fa-Talai-Jorn (Thai)

(Chinese): 穿心莲 Chuan Xin Lian

Botanical name: Andrographis paniculata;

Synonym: Justicia paniculata

Family: Acanthaceae

References:

Picture credits:

Jyoti Prateek

Reference 

Plants of Singapore